Teaching guidelines for each of the adjusted practicals

Ordinary Level Page 18 Higher Level page 53

Observation of the oxidation of potassium sodium tartrate by hydrogen peroxide, catalysed by cobalt(II) salts.(This should be shown using an appropriate video clip).

Ordinary Level Page 23 Higher Level page 60

Mandatory Experiment 7.4

Preparation and properties of ethanal [properties limited to reactions with (i) acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution, (ii) Fehling’s reagent and (iii) ammoniacal silver nitrate]

Mandatory Experiment 7.4

Properties of:

• ethanal [properties limited to reactions with (i) acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution, (ii) Fehling’s reagent, and (iii) ammoniacal silver nitrate]

ethanoic acid [properties limited to reactions with sodium carbonate and magnesium].

Mandatory Experiment 7.5

Preparation and properties of ethanoic acid [properties limited to reactions with sodium carbonate and magnesium].

Mandatory Experiment 7.5

The oxidation of phenylmethanol (benzyl alcohol) to benzoic acid with potassium manganate (VII) solution in alkaline conditions.

Guideline Material

Mandatory Experiment 7.6

Extraction of clove oil from cloves (or similar alternative) by steam distillation.

Mandatory Experiments 7.6

Extraction of clove oil from cloves by steam distillation and liquid-liquid extraction of eugenol from the emulsion produced using cyclohexane (structure of eugenol required at higher level).

Ordinary Level page 24, Higher Level page 61

Mandatory Experiment 8.1

Simple experiments to illustrate Le Chatelier’s principle:

(to demonstrate the effects of both temperature changes and concentration changes on an equilibrium mixture).

Mandatory Experiment 8.1

Simple experiments to illustrate Le Chatelier’s principle:

(to demonstrate the effects of both temperature changes and concentration changes on an equilibrium mixture).