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Data is all around us and helps us interpret the world.
A data set is a collection of information that can provide answers to questions we ask.
Data can be collected and represented in many ways.
Data displays (e.g., tables, picture graphs, block graphs) are a useful way of conveying information.
Objects and sets can be sorted according to one or more attributes.
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Investigations are cyclical and are motivated by posing a question.
Data investigations involve a process of collecting, representing and analysing data, and communicating conclusions that answer questions.
Data can be qualitative (it describes something) or quantitative (it holds numerical value).
Different types of data require different graphs and different statistical measures.
Graphs are tools which communicate distribution, shape, centre and variability of data.
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Data displays can hold a vast volume of information which can be reasoned about and from which decisions and inferences can be made.
Data displays are selected and justified based on their ability to communicate aspects of the data and answer the questions posed. Moving between data displays allows for further comparison and analysis.
Measures of centre (e.g. mean as the fair share, and median as the middle-ordered value of the data) are one-number summaries of entire distributions.
The range is a measure used to capture variability or spread of the data.
Secondary data can be analysed to make observations or inferences and to draw logical conclusions.
Informal inference is about moving beyond the data collected (sample) to a wider context (population).
Data can be distributed in different ways. Such distributions of data can be compared according to their shape.
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The mean, median and/ or mode are measures of centre which communicate different middles of the data and provide a range of insights.
Samples can be drawn from a population of data as representative evidence, to make generalisations and determine the degree of confidence or certainty about the generalisation.
Reported data can be evaluated in terms of its representativeness, intentionality and reliability.
Data displays (e.g. graphs) can be used to represent the variability in the data, the measures of centre and to compare between two groups.
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