Protective clothing and equipment must be available beside all equipment that is likely to present a safety hazard (goggles, gloves, etc.) and the teacher must insist on such protective gear being worn when the equipment is being used (as well as wearing it himself/herself)
A basic set of safety rules should be drawn up for all working in Technology rooms. These should be clearly displayed in each room and a copy given to each student.
SAFETY
Because of the practical nature of Technology and the manner in which classes operate with a variety of individual and group activities, it is essential that teachers be familiar with the general rules of safety applicable in the school as a whole and in the specialist rooms in particular. The school safety statement is a good starting point for dealing with the issue. Students must develop an awareness of the hazards associated with multiple activities, and also with the use of specialised equipment. All hazards associated with equipment used in Technology rooms should be identified and appropriate precautions enforced.
The rooms in use for Technology should be fitted with equipment necessary to cope with likely hazards such as fire, gas leakage, electric shock, cuts, etc. Convenient isolation switches should be provided for power. There should also be access to washing facilities convenient to the Technology or specialist rooms. Students generally should be made aware of the correct fire drill in operation and the correct procedure to follow in the event of any other foreseeable hazard occurring. Hazardous equipment not in immediate use should be removed from the immediate working area. Strict rules should be attached to the use of equipment that is potentially dangerous where 'bottle-necks' occur ( strip heater, soldering iron, boiling water, bubble etch tank, etc. as examples).
The Technology Room is likely to contain chemicals which students may handle and use. Flux for example is a corrosive paste that should not be allowed into skin contact. Epoxy resin adhesives are dangerous chemicals that must be handled with care. The common 'super glues' should be treated with particular caution. Acrylic cement adhesives are highly volatile, they should be used in well ventilated conditions and not in the vicinity of naked flames. Ventilation is also necessary where a number of students are engaged in soldering over a period of time in order to disperse the vapour. Hand tools also require care and disciplined handling. Carrying tools while moving about should be disallowed. The single most important requirement for the safe use of hand and power tools is to understand how to use them properly. Thorough instruction and careful demonstration by the teacher are essential.
Students should be encouraged to read and understand the manufacturers' instructions and to recognise and understand the various international symbols used to warn the user about the properties of a product. Dangerous machines such as drill presses, scroll, band saws, and strip heaters must be carefully supervised.
Basic rules such as
- No Loose Clothes,
- No Loose Ties,
- Long Hair should be restrained,
- Always Wear Eye Protection
- Adequate ventilation
should be insisted on to the point of being habitually observed.
Technology Guidelines Appendices Page 55
Appendix B Workbook (example)
Workbooks could be organised along the following lines:
Page 56AppendicesTechnology Guidelines
IDEAS ,:~ SOLUTIONS
As I have already stated ea~'l~, I had to use NON TOXIN GLUE known as BOSTIC. Thc gluc had to bc NON TOXIN so as not to poison the young child The glue had to be used on the top of the lever so if the child was playing the nuts would not fall off. Also another problem was the edges of the mobile were to sharp for a child t.o pl~,y with. T rmmded the sides with a ronnd file, so it. would be safe and have no more sharp edges.
I used two strings of twine. One string attached from one arm to the oUmr. IL ~vas Ulen brought down Lied m tile centre, and tile sLf'mg was then let hang for the child to pull. The other string was brought from leg Lo leg. ~len Lied as the arms and was leL hang down. The child therefore had a choice as to which string .he or she could pull. The arms and legs would then move up and down I made the body of the mobilc out of red plastic. Thc Icgs and arms wcrc madc of rcd plactic with a lever at the tops of them and had a little hole just about it for the thwinc to go through.
Appendix D Grid
Page 58 Appendices Technology Guidelines
Isometric Grid
Appendix E Perspective Drawing
Horizon line
Page 60 Appendices Technology Guidelines
Appendix F Materials
Metals
Metal Aluminium
Copper
Brass
Mild steel
High carbonsteel
Tin plate
Soft solder
Properties Light, soft, ductile, conducts heat and electricity malleable, ductile and tough, conducts heat and electricity, resists corrosion resists corrosion, casts well, good conductor, can be work hardened high strength, ductile, tough, low cost very hard but less ductile, can be hardened and tempered strong and ductile, resists corrosion soft, low melting point, easily joined to other metals
Plastics
Plastic Low density polythene
High density polythene Rigid PVC
Expanded polystyrene Acrylic
Nylon
Polyester resin Epoxy resin
Properties range of colours, insulator, flexible and soft, resists chemicals range of colours, stiff and hard, easily moulded range of colours, tough, stiff and hard light, insulator, absorbs shock stiff, hard, clear or opaque, range of colours, good insulator, bent and formed easily hard, tough, wear resistant, self lubricating stiff, hard, brittle good insulator, good adhesive
Common Forms
bar, rod sheet, tube, angle.
bar, rod sheet, tube
bar, rod sheet, tube, angle, ingot
bar, rod, sheet, tube, angle, wire, nuts and bolts. small bars rod and strip
sheeto~y
wire or bar
Common Forms powders, granules, sheet and film
powders, granules, sheet and film powders, granules, sheet and extrusions
sheet and beads
sheet rod and tube
powder, chips, rod tube, sheet
liquids and pastes powder, paste
Woods
Wood
Red and white deal
Mahogany
Teak
Balsa
Birch plywood
Properties soft, easily worked, straight grained, finishes well takes good finish, strong, medium weight takes good finish, strong, medium weight very light, easily cut and glued, takes paint poorly strong, easily painted
Marine plywood strong, waterproof, expensive Chipboard low cost, veneer or melamine faced, interior use Blockboard very strong
Manufactured FabricsTypeRegenerated Acetate Rayon Synthetic Acrylic Glass Nylon Polyester Rubber Animal Fibres Wool SilkVegetable Fibres Cotton
Properties
Linen
Common Uses inside joinery, low cost construction
furniture, veneers, plywood
furniture, veneers, plywood
light structures, modelling, prototype case building covering box frames, large flat surfaces boats, exterior use
flooring, interior furniture
strong box making
resists mildew, shrinking, gains and stretching absorbent, easy to launder, dries easily
soft, resists mildew, sunlight and wrinkling resists chemicals, flames, mildew moisture and sunlight Strong, elastic, easy tolaunder, dries quickly, retains shape resists wrinkling, easy to launder, dries quickly strong, elastic, repels moisture
good insulator, elastic, sheds creases, absorbs moisture, shrinks easily warm, very strong, elastic, damaged by perspiration
strong, easily washed, creases easily, absorbs moisture, dyes and bleaches well, burns easily strong, dirt-resistant, absorbent, cool, difficult to dye, shrinks considerably.
Appendix G Sample Task Assessment Sheet
Task Assessment Sheet NAME: Task Title
BRIEF (a) No brief stated (b) Simple statement of problem/brief (c) Clear and detailed statement RESEARCH (a) No evidence of investigation (b) Minimum approach; aspects ignored (c) Good investigation of all aspects (d) Complete analysis and research
Range
0 1-3 4-6
0 1-5 6-10 11-15
Class:
Marks
SOLUTIONS (a) None considered (b) Only one solution used/presented (c) Two solutions in fair detail (d) Three or more solutions, full detail
0 1-5 6-10 11-15
DEVELOPMENT (a) No development presented (b) Simple attempt at development (c) Good development/detail omitted (d) Full details; reason for final choice MANUFACTURE (a) Not submitted (b) Simple construction/little skill (c) Good workmanship/many skills (d) Wide range of skills; good standard (e) High degree of skill/workmanship EVALUATION (a) None undertaken at any stage (b) Poorly thought out/imprecise (e) Good evaluation and critical review (d) Thorough evaluation; suggestions given for alternatives/future work TOTAL MARKS
Adapted from W. Lynch C.B.S. Oatlands, Dublin
0 1-3 4-6 7-9
0 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40
0 1-5 6-10 11-15
100
Index
A acetate, 63 acrylic, 25, 62, 63 acrylic cement, 5,4 adhesives, 24 aesthetics, 29 aluminium, 20, 62 ammeter, 32 ampere, 32 amplification, 35 amplifier, 35 AND gate, 34 appliqu6, 26 Art, Craft and Design, 6 artefact, 4, 6, 45, 52 assembling, 17 assembly, 35 assessment, 6, 47, 51 sheet, 64 audiovisual equipment, 7
B balsa, 63 belts, 31 blockboard, 63 bolts, 24 m-=o ng. 3 brass, 20, 62 buzzers, 33
C CAD, 14 capacitor, 33, 35 card, 15 casting, 22 cement, 25 ceramics, 18 certification, 6 chains, 31 charge, 32 chemicals, 54 chipboard, 63 chisel, 22 circuits, 32 decision, 34 clay, 15 cloth, 15 clutch, 31 colour, 12 Communications, 3, 6, 55 communications, 8 component lists, 9 components, 34 composites, 18 compressor, 36 computer, 11, 14, 37, 45 Computer Studies, 6 computer-aided-design, 14 control, 37 copper, 20, 62 cotton, 63 Craft & Materials, 3, 17, 46, 55 cross-curricular links, 6 current, 32 cutting lists, 9 cylinder, 12, 36
D deal, 63 design brief, 45, 46 cycle, 46, 47 process, 6 development, 12 diode, 33 drawing conventions, 10 freehand, 6, 11 instrument, 11 perspective, 12, 61 pictorial, 12 schematic, 13 three dimensions, 12 two dimensions, 11 working, 6, 8, 11 drawings working, 8 drill, 22, 54 dust, 5 dyeing, 26
E economics, 38 electric circuit, 32, 46 electric current effects of, 32 unit, 32 electric shock, 53 electronic systems, 34 embroidery, 26 enamelling, 26 energy, 27 chemical, 27 conversion, 28 electrical, 27 heat, 27 light, 27 mechanical, 27 renewable, 28 sound, 27 units, 28 energy transformation, 42 Energy and Control, 3, 27, 55 enquiry skills, 44 environment, 28 environmental issues, 44 epoxy resin, 62 epoxy resin, 53 equilibrium, 29 essay, 2 etching, 26 ethics, 38 evaluation, 9, 47
F fabric, 18, 23, 63 finishing, 26 joining, 25 facilities, 5 fasteners, 24 fault finding, 33 feed, 19 files, 14, 20 fire, 53 folder, 47, 51, 58 design, 4 folding, 24 force types, 29 unit, 29 friction, 31 fumes, 5
G gas leakage, 53 gates logic, 34 gears, 15, 30, 31 Geography, 6 glass, 63 glue, 17, 23 grain, 24 graphics, 14, 23 grid, 11 isometric, 60 square, 59 grid paper, 47 isometric, 47 square, 47
H hazards, 53 health, 53 highlights, 12 History, 6 Home Economics, 6
I industry, 36 instrtanents, 11 use of, 11 integrated circuits, 34 integration, 3, 27, 38, 49
J joining, 17 joints, 24 joules, 28
K keyboard, 14 kilowatt-hour, 28 kits construction, 15 electrical, 16 knitting machines, 23 knowledge and skills, 8 L lathe, 20 LDR, 33 LED, 33 lever, 31 library, 7, 39 line bending, 22 linen, 63 link mechanisms, 15 logic gates, 13, 34 looms, 23 lubrication, 31
M mahogany, 63 marking out, 19 materials, 62 finishing of, 26 properties of, 18 Materials Technology(Wood), 6 measuring, 19 mechanisms, 3, 27, 30, 46 metal, 18 cutting, 19 finishing, 26 joining, 24 shaping, 20 metals, 62 Metalwork, 6 models, 15 motion, 30 transmission, 30 types, 30 mould, 22 multimaterials joining, 25 multimeter, 33 multiple choice, 2
N nails, 24 NAND gate, 34 needles, 23 NOT gate, 34 nylon, 62, 63
O Ohm's Law, 32 OR gate, 34 organisation, 44 organising the student, 3 over-locker, 23
P paints, 26 paper, 15 isometric, 12 squared, 12 patterns, 23 photography, 7 pistons, 15 plane, 22 planning, 2, 44 plastic, 17, 18, 38, 62 cutting, 19 finishing, 26 joining, 25 shaping, 22 plywood, 63 pneumatics, 36 polyester, 63 resin, 22, 62 polystyrene, 19, 62 polythene high density, 62 low density, 62 pop-rivets, 24 potential divider, 32 power, 28 units, 28 practical work, 49 preservatives, 26 press moulding, 22 presses, 6 pressure, 36 printed circuit boards, 35 printing, 26 prism, 12 processes, 9 programme, 55 programming, 37 projection isometric, 8 oblique, 8 orthographic, 8 protective clothing, 17 prototyping, 35 pulley, 31 pulleys, 15 PVC, 25, 62
R records, 9 reference books, 2 relays, 33 rendering, 12 reports, 14 resistance, 32 resistor, 32 resource management, 5 resources, 7, 39 restrictor, 36 rigidity, 29 riveting, 24 robotics, 37 rooms, 5 rubber, 63
S safety, 5, 17, 19, 28, 35, 36, 49, 50, 51, 53 statement, 53 sander, 22 sandpaper, 26 saw, 19, 54 band, 19 jig, 19 skroll, 19 scales, 10 Science, 6 scissors, 23 screw, 24, 31 sensors, 34 sewing, 24 machines, 23 shadow, 12 shaping, 17, 20 shelves, 6 silk, 63 sketches, 47 procedural, 9 rough, 4 sequential, 13 sketching and drawing, 11 skills, 9, 45 small scale tasks, 2 social issues, 44 solder, 62 soldering, 24, 35 speed, 19 stability, 29 stain, 26 staples, 25 steel, 20 high carbon, 62 mild, 62 storage, 6, 39, 50 structures, 29 sub-assemblies, 4 switch, 33, 35, 53 switching, 35 symbols, 34, 54
T task assessment, 52, 64 duration, 45 integrated, 47, 49 open, 47 selection, 46 small scale, 46, 47, 49 suggestions, 39 teaching through, 44 teaching approaches, 2 styles, 3 team, 3 teak, 63 Technology and Society, 3, 28, 38, 55 templates, 23 thermistor, 33 thread, 23 time, 5, 46, 49, 51 time delay, 35, 36 timetable, 5 tin, 62 tone, 12 tools, 9, 50 cutting, 17 hand, 17, 54 marking out, 17 measuring, 17 power, 17, 54 transistor, 33, 35 triangulation, 29
V vacuum forming, 22 valve pneumatic, 36 ventilation, 54 voltage, 32 voltmeter, 32
W waste, 5 water proofing, 26 watts, 28 wood, 18 balsa, 19 cutting, 19 finishing, 26 joining, 24 shaping, 22 wool, 63 work, 27 workbook, 3, 57 written test, 2